Data Types and Operators in Java

Primitive and non-primitive data types, type casting, and operators in Java.

Data Types

Primitive Types

Non-Primitive Types

Non-primitive types include String, Array, and user-defined objects. They are reference types that store memory addresses rather than values directly.

Type Casting

• Widening (Implicit) — Smaller type to larger type automatically: int to double.
• Narrowing (Explicit) — Larger type to smaller type requires a cast: (int) doubleValue.

Operators

• Arithmetic: +, -, *, /, %
• Assignment: =, +=, -=, *=, /=
• Comparison: ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=
• Logical: &&, ||, !
• Bitwise: &, |, ^, ~, <<, >>

Example

// DataTypesDemo.java
// Demonstrates primitive and non-primitive data types in Java.

public class DataTypesDemo {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// Integer data type
		int age = 20;

		// Double data type (decimal numbers)
		double salary = 35000.50;

		// Character data type
		char grade = 'A';

		// Boolean data type
		boolean isStudent = true;

		// String (non-primitive data type)
		String name = "Alice";

		// Print all variables
		System.out.println("Name: " + name + ", Age: " + age +
			", Salary: " + salary + ", Grade: " + grade +
			", Student: " + isStudent);
	}
}

Full source: examples/02-data-types/DataTypesDemo.java